Seven Environmental Principles

I. Definition and Importance of Political Science These be the varied definitions of Political Science as it originally emphasized by the Greek term polis for city- declargon and scire means to know 1) It is the cognition that studies the governanceal military unit and authority of the differentiate and politics. 2) It is the systematic contract of the institution, organization, processes and laws of the government. 3) It is the study of politics that whitethorn deflect the government structures and processes in a attainn society. ) It is how the branches of government commit the various semi semipolitical task such as the delivery of grassroots go. 5) It is the exercise of sovereign political right of the secernate and government to sway its task for the progression of part of life in the society Generally, the grandness of political science is the per spend a pennyance of political forcefulnesss and authority in the neighborhood of government structures. The ordinary citizens whitethorn know and learn about their political rights and privileges from a given form of government including the political structure and processes of the state. 1.The noesis of human rights and privileges will educate the citizens about their role in the political affairs of the state particularly in political rights a) The right to take (suffrage)b) The perfect rights and privileges ( due process of law) c) the right in providing the basic services such as education, health and sanitation, employment and other national support. 2. The study of political science motivates the citizens to participate in the political activities of the state as to achievement the development thrust of the government in relation to the improvement of quality of life. . The political science apprehensions on democracy, dictatorship and power structures give the citizen full understanding as to the consequences on the item-by-item political attain as defined by the political power and authority of the state. 4. The concept of politics may well be studied in the political science not simply in the art of persuasion and influence that the citizens learn about also how these political concept area utilize in the society. 5.The comprehensive study on the branches, forms and systems of government provide the individual better understanding in the concept of separation of powers, parliamentary system, diplomatical immunity, human rights, general welfare, social services From the understandings of these basic concepts of government, state, laws and institutions those who would study political science moldiness know its splendor and function, relationship with other chasten and broader understanding to its specialized roles of individual in a civilized society.The students and professionals should not only know the political theories but also deeper insights as to its application in their own field of expertise. Thus the study of political science will also include the empirical investigation of political facts by means of social research and the application of critical thinking. The key words in the comprehensive analysis on the principles of political science are state, government, law, institution, power relationships, jural process, composings and politics.These are the important dimensions to study political science that accept to be constantly in touch to mold the citizens in achieving quality of life to our society. Definition Political science is the academic subject counselling on the relations amongst governments and other governments, and between governments and batchs. II. state (stt) n. 1. A condition or mode of being, as with regard to circumstances a state of confusion. 2. A condition of being in a correspond or form, as of structure, growth, or development the fetal state. 3.A mental or emotional condition in a manic state. 4. Informal A condition of excitement or distress. 5. Physics The condition of a animal (prenominal) system with regard to phase, form, composition, or structure Ice is the solid state of water. 6. Social position or rank. 7. Ceremony pomp foreign leaders dining in state at the White House. 8. a. The unconditional public power within a sovereign political entity. b. The sphere of supreme civil power within a given polity matters of state. 9. A specific mode of government the socialist state. 10.A body politic, especially single constituting a nation the states of Eastern Europe. 11. One of the more or little internally autonomous territorial and political units composing a confederation under a sovereign government the 48 contiguous states of the Union. adj. 1. Of or relating to a body politic or to an internally autonomous territorial or political unit constituting a federation under matchless government a monarch dealing with state matters the department that handles state security. 2. Owned and operated by a state state universities. r. v. stated, stating, sta tes To set off in words declare. III. government ? ? guhv-ern-muhnt, ? er-muhnt Show IPA noun 1. the political direction and controlexercised over the actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies, and states direction of the affairs of a state, community, etc. political administration Government is necessary to the existence of civilized society. 2. the form or system of rule by whicha state, community, etc. , is governed monarchical government episcopal government. . the governing body of persons in a state, community, etc. administration. 4. a branch or service of the supreme authority of a state or nation, taken as representing the whole a dam make by the government. 5. (in some parliamentary systems, as that of the United Kingdom) a. the particular pigeonholing of persons forming the cabinet at any(prenominal) given time The Prime diplomatic minister has formed a bleak government. b. the parliament along with the cabinet The government has fa llen. IV. constitution ? ? kon-sti-too-shuhn, -tyoo- Show IPA noun 1. he way in whicha involvement is composed or make up makeup composition the chemical substance record of the cleanser. 2. the somatogenic character of the body as to strength, health, etc. He has a strong typography. 3. Medicine/Medical, Psychology . the aggregate of a persons physical and psychological characteristics. 4. the act or process of constituting primement. 5. the state of being naturalized formation. V. A good scripted brass must hasten the pastime characteristics 1. ) Broad A validation must be broad in its scope because it utlines the organization of the government for the whole state. A statement of supply and functions of the government, and of the relations between the governing body and the governed, requires a comprehensive document. 2. ) draft A constitution must be brief because it is not the rest home in which the details of organization should be set forth. Some constitutions have been marred by the inclusion of pure regulation. 3. ) Definite The constitution must be decided. In a statement of principles of underlying the congenital constitution of a state any vagueness hich may lead to opposing witnessations of essential features may cause incalculable harm. Civil war and the disruption of the state may conceivably follow from ambiguous expressions in a constitution. VI. unlike types of constitutions Introduction There is no doubt that each society has political activity that connects with its social, economic, geographic and political conditions, as well as innate studies come at the top of the sound studies due to the subject of the total law connects directly with life and cares of all citizens in the state, rulers or subjects.If the underlying law cares with the rulers from one corner, but it determines the general aspect of authorities and authorities of the governing in the state and draws the limits for specification to each authority and its relations with others. Whatever point of view, there is no dispute on importance of the inherent law because it cares with the rulers and subjects and upgrades to the top place. The constitution is a set of the legal rules organize entity of the state and human society that exists among definite geographic space regarding with constitution and legal rules are in permanent and continues movement.Customary Constitutions And Written Constitutions Its know that the rules regarding with any political system of any state, it will be two ways, either resultanting from habitual without writing out any formal texts, in this case its said there is customary constitution. The second case it may be wrote down in formal document that is do to be known at the all (Dr. Sabri, Said). So that there two types that are customary constitutions and written constitutions. Customary Constitution The customary is considered the oldest formal resources of the legal rule.It remained the sole sourc e of the natural rules in the world till eighteenth century. It is theoretic and needed source, whereas gives medical dressing force to the legal rule in the performance. (Dr. Abu Steet, A). incline constitution is the clearest example for such type of the radical laws because the essential laws were formed by the customary in Britain that often represents still thorough rules. Customary ruels include other written ingrained rules embody in the the Greatest Era of year 1215 A.D. Magna Carta and Bill & Rights of year 1689, and Parliament prompt in 1911. Although such constitutional documents vary in Britain, it is not enough for political regime in the state that determined by customary rules in general. (Bashir, M. Ibid, page 42). The cause may be that England takes the customary constitution, this is referred to temperament of the English people itself who intends to develop its rules and laws quietly without violent, as well as constitutional history began in England ear ly.Moreover, the causes that called most of the countries to take with written constituions that were not available in English regime. (Al Shar, R. ). The importance of customary rules in the English constitution appears in survey the field that prevailed by it. Because of the English constitution is a set of the systems are often egressd in permanent customaries as long as new necessities made. If the customary rules took great importance in establishing of the constitutional laws in non written constitutions of the countries.Such rules and laws are emerged as a result of quest up a public authority in the definite area relating with habit of the any target of the constitutional law without any contrary of the other authorities till it remains in the minds of the people had to respect such rules, consequently it pass ons binding feature. Written Constitutions The premier written constitutions were English colonies constitutions in the North America after its freedom in 1776, US A Constitution in 1787 that still remains.Since written constitutions appeared, the idea of constitution liberty prevailed to be a tool for freedom whereas it remains with specific right for the citizen. The idea of written constitution transferred from America to France till it made the first written constitution on 3 September 1791, so coveyed into the remaining European countries. After that range of the written constitution spread out in First World War as well as expanded into the Arabian countries. Consequently, the written constitution acquired political sense because it connects well-nigh with definite matter of the government.According to that written constitutions add on the constitutions rules emphasizing and determining. (Dr. Bashir, M). flexible And Rigid Constitutions Explainers indicated that flexible constitution that is corporation be purifyed by the authorities and with functions may need for the ordinary laws. When there is flexible constitution such Englan d Constitution, this means that there is no any constitution from the form aspect because there is no any conditions vary between the constitution amendments and ordinary legislation amendment, so that establishing authority mixes with legislative authority.As per the relentless constitution, it nookyt be amend but by authorities and different procedures than such regularitys that amend the ordinary laws. Whereas as amendment of the rigid constitution vary here than method of the flexible constitution amendment. On the second hand, the rigid constitution has resolving feature as a result of the special procedures that are shall be regarded at amendment of its items. As per the flexible constitution doesnt stipulate definite procedure that should be regarded to amend. Bashir, Al Shafei Mohammed). This doesnt mean that the constitution cant be touched wholly and it cant ever revise, but it means making and amendment it. In short, I can sum that the Standard can be taken for the difference between the flexible and rigid constitutions in as barrier and complexity in amendment of the rigid constitution, if this difficulty increases, it will be rigid constitution, while this difficulty decreases, it will be half rigid or half flexible. innate ConventionIt may appear along with written constitution practical unavoidably in which written constitutional rules doesnt complicate in this case constitutional convention appears along with constitutional flexible rules officially. This convention may interpret or despatch deficit in the constitution, but some says that the constitutional convention may be amended as constitutional item. The constitutional convention emerges along with written constitution and it consists with physical and spiritual article, i. e. with following up definite custom thusly is followed till to be binding matter.Such customs are emerged by political life in the country to exist to the written constitution as complementary or amended ru les to some its items. Accordingly, the constitutional convention is either interpretation or complementary, or amended to some items of the constitution. In the interpretation custom, the customs performs with vocalization for ambiguity of the constitutional text. To raise this role, its supposed there is ambiguity constitutional text, as well as it shows way of application of the texts and conditions.Among examples of the phonation custom what is made in accordance with French Constitution 1875. As per complementary custom, it overcomes phonation custom role to play affected role along with written text, it represents in establishing new decision. As shown from its name, complementary custom may emerge to handle deficit problem of the written constitutional text because it supposes that the constitution neglects specific matter. In short that complementary constitution is unlike interpreter custom because it doesnt relay on constitution item, and also it establish new constitu tional rule.Among examples is French constitution 1875 provided that election shall be the ballot, and the custom complete this item whereas the election was directly and one breaker point. (Abu Al Magd, Ahmed Kamal). As per amended custom, that works to amend the constitutional text, it doesnt limited to its ambiguity as interpreter custom or complete what is required of deficit as complete custom, but it aims at amendment of constitutional text and abrogate it provision and add new provision or cancel the standing text. Legal appraise Of The Constitutional ConventionThe jurists vary in determine of the legal value of the constitutional convention. Some of them say that its value may be over the constitutional texts, equals to be established in accordance flexible or rigid constitution. But others say that interpreter constitution convention takes degree of the written constitutional text that is emerged beside it. As types of the other constitutional custom takes degree of ordin ary law. Reference of this difference is that interpreter constitutional convention doesnt establish new constitutional rule other than types. (Hashish, A. H.Dar-al-Nahda Al-Arabia). Conclusion In conclusion, I can confirm that there is no any state can live without law and there is not law without sovereignty. So that sovereignty of the law represents in our belief distinctive standard of the state then others of human communities. Sovereignty of the law is not slogans but it is fact shall be committed and obligated till the people find it before them in their daily life. There is no doubt that constitutional law is the first laws. Emphasizing that protection of the constitution from frivolity is to protect of entity of the state.